# Amateurfunk-Anki

Download the German amateur-radio exam question catalog from the
Bundesnetzagentur and turn it into Anki decks.

## Quick start

```sh
make           # fetch + build (default)
make fetch     # download + extract the catalog only → data/
make anki      # rebuild .apkg files from data/ → anki/
make test      # run both test suites
make clean     # remove data/ and anki/
```

Output: five `.apkg` files under `anki/`. Betriebliche and
Vorschriften get one deck each (shared across all license classes);
Technische is split per class into three decks (N / E / A) following
the catalog's `class` field. A class-A candidate who wants every
Technische question imports all three Technische decks. Re-importing
a newer build preserves your review history.

## Exam sections

The BNetzA exam has three parts (*Prüfungsteile*): two shared across
all license classes plus the technical part, which is split per
license tier. The question ID's first letter encodes which part it
belongs to:

**Non-technical (one deck each, taken by every candidate):**

| Section                        | ID prefix | Questions |
|--------------------------------|-----------|----------:|
| Betriebliche Kenntnisse        | `B*`      |       172 |
| Kenntnisse von Vorschriften    | `V*`      |       204 |

**Technical (one deck per license class):**

| Class | Section name              | ID prefix | Questions |
|-------|---------------------------|-----------|----------:|
| N     | Technische Kenntnisse (N) | `N*`      |       195 |
| E     | Technische Kenntnisse (E) | `E*`      |       463 |
| A     | Technische Kenntnisse (A) | `A*`      |       716 |

Counts are from the current edition (3. Auflage, März 2024; ~1750
questions total). The license tiers are cumulative for the exam:
a class-E candidate is responsible for `N*` + `E*` + `B*` + `V*`;
a class-A candidate is responsible for everything. Filter inside
Anki by deck, by the `klasse-N|E|A` tag, or by the `Number` field
prefix.

## Exam question source

The catalog is published by the Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA), the German
federal regulator for telecommunications. Current edition:
**3. Auflage, März 2024** (issued 2024-03-20, ~1750 questions across
license classes N, E, A).

- Landing page: <https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/DE/Fachthemen/Telekommunikation/Frequenzen/SpezielleAnwendungen/Amateurfunk/start.html>
- Machine-readable ZIP (what we download):
  [`PruefungsfragenZIP.zip`](https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Sachgebiete/Telekommunikation/Unternehmen_Institutionen/Frequenzen/Amateurfunk/Fragenkatalog/PruefungsfragenZIP.zip?__blob=publicationFile)
  — contains the JSON question tree, the `svgs/` figure folder, and a
  `README.txt` with the official Quellenvermerk.
- Human-readable PDF (not used by this pipeline):
  [`Pruefungsfragen.pdf`](https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Sachgebiete/Telekommunikation/Unternehmen_Institutionen/Frequenzen/Amateurfunk/Fragenkatalog/Pruefungsfragen.pdf?__blob=publicationFile)

BNetzA replaces the file in place across editions, so the URL is
stable; the fetcher detects updates via the HTTP `Last-Modified`
header.

## See also

- [**50ohm.de**](https://50ohm.de/) — community-maintained
  explanations, worked examples, and study material for the same
  exam. Pairs well with these decks for the *why* behind each
  question.
- [**DARC**](https://www.darc.de/) — Deutscher Amateur-Radio-Club,
  the German national IARU member-society. Publishes the German
  band plan, regulatory liaison material, and a large body of
  technical and operating guidance referenced throughout the
  amateur-radio community.

## Requirements

Python 3.11+, standard library only. No third-party dependencies.

## Explanations

The back of each card optionally carries a terse English explanation
of *why* the right answer is right. Explanations are not part of the
BNetzA catalog — they're authored separately (by humans or AI agents)
into `explanations.json` at the repo root. The build is non-blocking
on this: questions without an entry just show no explanation block.
Entries with `confidence < 7` render a small "low confidence" badge
so learners know the reasoning is provisional.

`EXPLANATIONS.md` is the editorial contract: schema, sourcing
guidance, confidence scale, and the workflows an AI agent should
follow when asked to add or improve entries.

## More

- `CLAUDE.md` — project orientation, pipeline overview.
- `DESIGN.md` — source-discovery notes, JSON schema, per-stage
  design contracts.
- `EXPLANATIONS.md` — schema + workflows for the explanations
  database.

## License

The downloader and builder code is in this repo. The exam questions
themselves are published by the Bundesnetzagentur under
[DL-DE→BY-2.0](https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-2-0); attribution
is preserved in every generated artifact (`README.txt` inside
`data/<edition>/`, `attribution` field in the per-edition manifest).